LEVEL:INTERMEDIATE
MODULE:3
TOPIC:Modal Auxiliaries
EXPLANATION
Why Modals Auxiliaries…
Modal Auxiliaries generally express a Speaker’s Attitudes or Moods.
For example, Modals can express that a speaker feels something is necessary, advisable, permissible, possible
or probable. They convey the strength
of these attitudes. These are also
called helping verbs.
As the spoken language is all about conveying different moods
and attitudes in several situations, gaining a good knowledge about these
Modals are vital.
What are Modal Auxiliaries?…
They are…
can,
could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must, need, ought to, dare
The
Structure [verb combination] :
I
We
You
They
He
She
It
|
can
could
will
would
shall
should
may
might
must
need[to/not
to]
ought
to
dare
|
verb
|
Functions…
Sl. No.
|
Modals
|
Functions
|
Examples
|
1.
|
can
|
Ability
Permission
Possibility
|
I can speak English Fluently.
You can go now. [giving]
Can
I use your bike? [asking]
The project can be done on time.
|
could
|
Ability
Permission
Possibility
|
I could run
fast. [past]
Could
I join your discussion sir?
[politeness]
Rahul could
resume his work today.
|
|
2.
|
may
might
|
Permission
Possibility
|
You may start
your project now. [giving]
May
I sit here? [asking]
The exam dates may
postpone.
The Children might
do mistakes in the new project.
|
3.
|
need
must
|
Necessity
|
They need to
start immediately.
You need not
advise me. [not necessary]
You must pass
the entrance exam.
|
4.
|
should ought to
|
Obligation
Advice
|
The students should
study well.
You ought to
reply his question.
Ram should
submit his report to the doctor.
She ought to take
care of her health.
|
5.
|
will
|
Certainty
|
There is someone at the door. It will be the milkman.
Someone is shouting in the class. It will be that naughty Suresh.
|
6.
|
would
|
Unreal Situation
|
It would be
nice to buy a new car, but we can’t afford it.
|
Can/could :- Negative : Can’t/could’t
These two modals are used to express Ability/Permission/Possibility.
Eg. :
1. I/We/You/They/He/She
can speak English fluently. [Ability]
2. You can meet
the principal at 10.am. [Giving Permission]
3. Can I come
with you now? [Asking Permission]
4. The police can
check your license in the signal. [Possibility]
5. When I was a boy,
I could run fast. [Ability – Past]
6. Could I use
this book mam? [Permission – Politeness]
7. I can’t eat
this much.
8. I couldn’t come
to class this morning.
VIDEO EXPLANATION
MIND ACTIVITY
WRITING ACTIVITY
Use
proper modal verb [can/could, can’t/could’t] in the blanks given below :-
1. We ………… see the
lake from our hotel.
2. They ………….. start
writing the test now.
3. When my son was
12, he …………… draw 3D Drawings.
4. As it’s raining,
he ……………….. go out now.
5. I …………….. cheat Ram.
He is my friend.
6. My close friend
hurt me yesterday. I …………….. really bear it.
7. My grandfather
travelled a lot. He ……………. Speak five languages.
AUDIO ACTIVITY
PICK ANY 2 MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS AND USE IT IN FIVE DIFFERENT SENTENCES
Video Activity
Think of expressing your abilities and inabilities using can and can't
SELF CHECK TEST
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